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FDRE Ministry of Education

General Information

Name: Federal Ministry of Education (የትምህርት ሚኒስቴር)

Established: 1930 during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie I

Headquarters: Arada Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Website: moe.gov.et

Minister: H.E. Professor Birhanu Nega (since October 2021)

Structure: Divided into two main sub-sectors:

  • General Education
  • Higher Education

Key Responsibilities:

  • Formulating and implementing educational policies
  • Overseeing curriculum development
  • Regulating public and private educational institutions
  • Ensuring equitable access to quality education
  • Promoting educational reforms and innovations

History

Pre-1930s: Education in Ethiopia was primarily religious, provided in church schools and monasteries. 1908: Emperor Menelik II opened the first modern school, Menelik II School, in Addis Ababa. 1930: Emperor Haile Selassie I established the Ministry of Education to promote modern education. 1943: The ministry was re-established after the Italian occupation, with Mekonnen Desta appointed as the first Minister. 1974–1991: Under the Derg regime, the ministry underwent significant reforms, focusing on socialist-oriented education. 1991–2018: Post-Derg, the ministry continued reforms, including decentralization and expansion of access to education. 2018: The Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education were merged to form a unified Ministry of Education. 2021: Professor Birhanu Nega was appointed as the current Minister of Education.

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